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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
nvme-io-passthru(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>nvme-io-passthru -
   Submit an arbitrary io command, return results
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>nvme-io-passthru</em> &lt;device&gt; [--opcode=&lt;opcode&gt; | -O &lt;opcode&gt;]
                        [--flags=&lt;flags&gt; | -f &lt;flags&gt;] [-rsvd=&lt;rsvd&gt; | -R &lt;rsvd&gt;]
                        [--namespace-id=&lt;nsid&gt; | -n &lt;nsid&gt;] [--cdw2=&lt;cdw2&gt; | -2 &lt;cdw2&gt;]
                        [--cdw3=&lt;cdw3&gt; | -3 &lt;cdw3&gt;] [--cdw10=&lt;cdw10&gt; | -4 &lt;cdw10&gt;]
                        [--cdw11=&lt;cdw11&gt; | -5 &lt;cdw11&gt;] [--cdw12=&lt;cdw12&gt; | -6 &lt;cdw12&gt;]
                        [--cdw13=&lt;cdw13&gt; | -7 &lt;cdw13&gt;] [--cdw14=&lt;cdw14&gt; | -8 &lt;cdw14&gt;]
                        [--cdw15=&lt;cdw15&gt; | -9 &lt;cdw15&gt;]
                        [--data-len=&lt;data-len&gt; | -l &lt;data-len&gt;]
                        [--metadata-len=&lt;len&gt; | -m &lt;len&gt;]
                        [--read | -r] [--write | -w]
                        [--input-file=&lt;file&gt; | -i &lt;file&gt;]
                        [--metadata=&lt;file&gt; | -M &lt;file&gt;]
                        [--timeout=&lt;timeout&gt; | -t &lt;timeout&gt;] [--show-command | -s]
                        [--dry-run | -d] [--raw-binary | -b]
                        [--prefill=&lt;prefill&gt; | -p &lt;prefill&gt;]
                        [--latency | -T]
                        [--output-format=&lt;fmt&gt; | -o &lt;fmt&gt;] [--verbose | -v]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Submits an arbitrary NVMe IO command and returns the applicable
results. This may be the simply the command&#8217;s result and status, or may
also include a buffer if the command returns one. This command does no
interpretation of the opcodes or options.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The &lt;device&gt; parameter is mandatory and may be either the NVMe character
device (ex: /dev/nvme0), or a namespace block device (ex: /dev/nvme0n1).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>On success, the returned structure (if applicable) may be returned in
one of several ways depending on the option flags; the structure may
printed by the program as a hex dump, or may be returned as a raw buffer
printed to stdout for another program to parse.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-O &lt;opcode&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--opcode=&lt;opcode&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The NVMe opcode to send to the device in the command
        Required argument as this param is mandatory.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-f &lt;flags&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--flags=&lt;flags&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The NVMe command flags to send to the device in the command
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-R &lt;rsvd&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--rsvd=&lt;rsvd&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The value for the reserved field in the command.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-n &lt;nsid&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--namespace-id=&lt;nsid&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The value for the ns-id in the command. Defaults to <em>0</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-[2-9] &lt;cdw&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--cdw[2-3,10-15]=&lt;cdw&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Specifies the command dword value for that specified entry in
        the command
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-r
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--read
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-w
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--write
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Used for the data-direction for the command and required for
        commands sending/receiving data. Don&#8217;t use both read and write
        at the same time.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-i &lt;file&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--input-file=&lt;file&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        If the command is a data-out (write) command, use this file
        to fill the buffer sent to the device. If no file is given, assumed to
        use STDIN. If the command is a data-in (read) command, the data
        returned from the device will be saved here.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-M &lt;file&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--metadata=&lt;file&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        If the command is a data-out (write) command, use this file
        to fill the metadata buffer sent to the device. If no file is given,
        assumed to use STDIN. If the command is a data-in (read) command, the
        metadata returned from the device will be saved here.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-l &lt;data-len&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--data-len=&lt;data-len&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The data length for the buffer used for this command.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-m &lt;data-len&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--metadata-len=&lt;data-len&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        The metadata length for the buffer used for this command.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-s
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--show-cmd
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Print out the command to be sent.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-d
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--dry-run
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Do not actually send the command. If want to use --dry-run option,
        --show-cmd option <em>must</em> be set. Otherwise --dry-run option will be
        <em>ignored</em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-b
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--raw-binary
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Print the raw returned buffer to stdout if the command returns
        data or a structure.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-p &lt;prefill&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--prefill &lt;prefill&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Prefill the buffer with a predetermined byte value. Defaults to 0.
        This may be useful if the data you are writing is shorter
        than the required buffer, and you need to pad it with a known
        value. It may also be useful if you need to confirm if a device
        is overwriting a buffer on a data-in command.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-T
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--latency
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Print out the latency the IOCTL took (in us).
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-o &lt;fmt&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--output-format=&lt;fmt&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Set the reporting format to <em>normal</em>, <em>json</em> or <em>binary</em>. Only one
        output format can be used at a time.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-v
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--verbose
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Increase the information detail in the output.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-t &lt;timeout&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--timeout=&lt;timeout&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Override default timeout value. In milliseconds.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>nvme io-passthru /dev/nvme0n1 --opcode=2 --namespace-id=1 --data-len=4096 --read --cdw10=0 --cdw11=0 --cdw12=0x70000 --raw-binary</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_nvme">NVME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the nvme-user suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
 2025-11-19 00:00:00 UTC
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