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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
nvme-fw-download(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>nvme-fw-download -
   Download all or a portion of an nvme firmware image.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>nvme fw-download</em> &lt;device&gt; [--fw=&lt;firmware-file&gt; | -f &lt;firmware-file&gt;]
                        [--xfer=&lt;transfer-size&gt; | -x &lt;transfer-size&gt;]
                        [--offset=&lt;offset&gt; | -O &lt;offset&gt;]
                        [--output-format=&lt;fmt&gt; | -o &lt;fmt&gt;] [--verbose | -v]
                        [--timeout=&lt;timeout&gt; | -t &lt;timeout&gt;]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The Firmware Image Download command is used to download all or a portion
of the firmware image for a future update to the controller. The Firmware
Image Download command may be submitted while other commands on the Admin
Submission Queue or I/O Submission Queues are outstanding. The Firmware
Image Download command copies the new firmware image (in whole or in part)
to the controller.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The firmware image may be constructed of multiple pieces that
are individually downloaded with separate Firmware Image Download
commands. Each Firmware Image Download command includes a Dword
Offset and Number of Dwords that specify a Dword range. The host
software shall ensure that firmware pieces do not have Dword ranges
that overlap. Firmware portions may be submitted out of order to the
controller.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The new firmware image is not applied as part of the Firmware Image
Download command. It is applied following a reset, where the image to
apply and the firmware slot it should be committed to is specified with
the Firmware Commit command (nvme fw-commit &lt;args&gt;).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note: nvme-cli must allocate a contiguous (linear) memory buffer and map
the firmware binary into it. To do this, nvme-cli first attempts to
allocate the buffer using huge TLB pages. If allocation using huge pages
fails, it falls back to using posix_memalign() combined with madvise(),
though this is also likely to fail.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To increase the likelihood of success, you may want to pre-allocate a
number of huge pages before initiating the firmware download:</p></div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>echo 20 &gt; /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For more details, refer to:
<a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt">https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt</a></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-f &lt;firmware-file&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--fw=&lt;firmware-file&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Required argument. This specifies the path to the device&#8217;s
        firmware file on your system that will be read by the program
        and sent to the device.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-x &lt;transfer-size&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--xfer=&lt;transfer-size&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        This specifies the size to split each transfer. This is useful if
        the device has a max transfer size requirement for firmware. It
        defaults to 4k.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-O &lt;offset&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--offset=&lt;offset&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        This specifies the starting offset in dwords. This is really only
        useful if your firmware is split in multiple files; otherwise
        the offset starts at zero and automatically adjusts based on the
        <em>xfer</em> size given.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-o &lt;fmt&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--output-format=&lt;fmt&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Set the reporting format to <em>normal</em>, <em>json</em> or <em>binary</em>. Only one
        output format can be used at a time.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-v
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--verbose
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Increase the information detail in the output.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-t &lt;timeout&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--timeout=&lt;timeout&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Override default timeout value. In milliseconds.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Transfer a firmware size 128KiB at a time:
</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code># nvme fw-download /dev/nvme0 --fw=/path/to/nvme.fw --xfer=0x20000</code></pre>
</div></div>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_nvme">NVME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the nvme-user suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
 2025-11-19 00:00:00 UTC
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