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  <section id="backup">
<h1>Backup<a class="headerlink" href="#backup" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>To backup a Nextcloud installation there are four main things you need to retain:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>The config folder</p></li>
<li><p>The data folder</p></li>
<li><p>The theme folder</p></li>
<li><p>The database</p></li>
</ol>
<section id="maintenance-mode">
<h2>Maintenance mode<a class="headerlink" href="#maintenance-mode" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">maintenance:mode</span></code> locks the sessions of logged-in users and prevents new logins in order to prevent inconsistencies of your data. You must run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">occ</span></code> as the HTTP user, like this example on Ubuntu Linux:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --on
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You may also put your server into this mode by editing <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">config/config.php</span></code>.
Change <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&quot;maintenance&quot;</span> <span class="pre">=&gt;</span> <span class="pre">false</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&quot;maintenance&quot;</span> <span class="pre">=&gt;</span> <span class="pre">true</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>&lt;?php

&quot;maintenance&quot; =&gt; true,
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Don’t forget to change it back to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">false</span></code> when you are finished.</p>
</section>
<section id="backup-folders">
<h2>Backup folders<a class="headerlink" href="#backup-folders" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Simply copy your config, data and theme folders (or even your whole Nextcloud install and data folder) to a place outside of
your Nextcloud environment. You could use this command:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>rsync -Aavx nextcloud/ nextcloud-dirbkp_`date +&quot;%Y%m%d&quot;`/
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="backup-database">
<h2>Backup database<a class="headerlink" href="#backup-database" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Before restoring a backup see <a class="reference internal" href="restore.html"><span class="doc">Restoring backup</span></a></p>
</div>
<section id="mysql-mariadb">
<h3>MySQL/MariaDB<a class="headerlink" href="#mysql-mariadb" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>MySQL or MariaDB, which is a drop-in MySQL replacement, is the recommended
database engine. To backup <strong>MySQL</strong>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>mysqldump --single-transaction -h [server] -u [username] -p[password] [db_name] &gt; nextcloud-sqlbkp_`date +&quot;%Y%m%d&quot;`.bak
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you use enabled MySQL/MariaDB 4-byte support (<a class="reference internal" href="../configuration_database/mysql_4byte_support.html"><span class="doc">Enabling MySQL 4-byte support</span></a>, needed for emoji), you will need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--default-character-set=utf8mb4</span></code> like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>mysqldump --single-transaction --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -h [server] -u [username] -p[password] [db_name] &gt; nextcloud-sqlbkp_`date +&quot;%Y%m%d&quot;`.bak
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To backup <strong>MariaDB</strong>, replace <cite>mysqldump</cite> with <cite>mariadb-dump</cite> in the above commands.</p>
</section>
<section id="sqlite">
<h3>SQLite<a class="headerlink" href="#sqlite" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>sqlite3 data/owncloud.db .dump &gt; nextcloud-sqlbkp_`date +&quot;%Y%m%d&quot;`.bak
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="postgresql">
<h3>PostgreSQL<a class="headerlink" href="#postgresql" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>PGPASSWORD=&quot;password&quot; pg_dump [db_name] -h [server] -U [username] -f nextcloud-sqlbkp_`date +&quot;%Y%m%d&quot;`.bak
</pre></div>
</div>
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