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  <section id="mail">
<h1>Mail<a class="headerlink" href="#mail" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<section id="configuration">
<h2>Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<section id="anti-abuse-alerts">
<h3>Anti-abuse alerts<a class="headerlink" href="#anti-abuse-alerts" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The app can write alerts to the logs when users send messages to a high number of recipients or sends a high number of messages for a short period of time. These events might indicate that the account is abused for sending spam messages.</p>
<p>To enable anti-abuse alerts, you’ll have to set a few configuration options <a class="reference internal" href="../occ_command.html"><span class="doc">via occ</span></a> .</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Turn alerts on</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_detection</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">on</span>
<span class="c1"># Turn alerts off</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_detection</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">off</span>

<span class="c1"># Alert when 50 or more recipients are used for one single message</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_number_of_recipients_per_message_threshold</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">50</span>

<span class="c1"># Alerts can be configured for three intervals: 15m, 1h and 1d</span>
<span class="c1"># Alert when more than 10 messages are sent in 15 minutes</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_number_of_messages_per_15m</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="c1"># Alert when more than 30 messages are sent in one hour</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_number_of_messages_per_1h</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span>
<span class="c1"># Alert when more than 100 messages are sent in one day</span>
<span class="n">occ</span> <span class="n">config</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">mail</span> <span class="n">abuse_number_of_messages_per_1d</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="attachment-size-limit">
<h3>Attachment size limit<a class="headerlink" href="#attachment-size-limit" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Admins can prevent users from attaching large attachments to their emails. Users will be asked to use link shares instead.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.attachment-size-limit&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">,</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The unit is bytes. The example about with limit to 3MB attachments. The default is 0 bytes which means no upload limit.</p>
</section>
<section id="background-sync-interval">
<h3>Background sync interval<a class="headerlink" href="#background-sync-interval" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Configure how often Mail keeps users’ mailboxes updated in the background in seconds. Defaults to 3600, minimum 300.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.background-sync-interval&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">7200</span><span class="p">,</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="disable-tls-verification-for-imap-smtp">
<h3>Disable TLS verification for IMAP/SMTP<a class="headerlink" href="#disable-tls-verification-for-imap-smtp" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Turn off TLS verification for IMAP/SMTP. This happens globally for all accounts and is only needed in edge cases like with email servers that have a self-signed certificate.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.verify-tls-peer&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="n">false</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="google-oauth">
<h3>Google OAuth<a class="headerlink" href="#google-oauth" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>This app can allow users to connect their Google accounts with OAuth. This makes it possible to use accounts without 2FA or app password.</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2/web-server#prerequisites">Create authorization credentials</a>. You will receive a client ID and a client secret.</p></li>
<li><p>Open the Nextcloud settings page. Navigate to <em>Groupware</em> and scroll down to <em>Gmail integration</em>. Enter and save the client ID and client secret.</p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="local-imap-and-smtp-servers">
<h3>Local IMAP and SMTP servers<a class="headerlink" href="#local-imap-and-smtp-servers" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>By default, Nextcloud does not allow local hostnames and IP addresses as remote servers. This includes IMAP, SMTP and Sieve servers
like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">localhost</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mx.local</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">10.0.0.3</span></code>. This check can be disabled with via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">config/config.php</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;allow_local_remote_servers&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="timeouts">
<h3>Timeouts<a class="headerlink" href="#timeouts" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Depending on your mail host, it may be necessary to increase your IMAP and/or SMTP timeout threshold.
Currently IMAP defaults to 5 seconds and SMTP defaults to 20 seconds. They can be changed as follows:</p>
<section id="imap-timeout">
<h4>IMAP timeout<a class="headerlink" href="#imap-timeout" title="Link to this heading"></a></h4>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.imap.timeout&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">5</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="smtp-timeout">
<h4>SMTP timeout<a class="headerlink" href="#smtp-timeout" title="Link to this heading"></a></h4>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.smtp.timeout&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">20</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="sieve-timeout">
<h4>Sieve timeout<a class="headerlink" href="#sieve-timeout" title="Link to this heading"></a></h4>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.sieve.timeout&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">5</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="use-php-mail-for-sending-mail">
<h3>Use php-mail for sending mail<a class="headerlink" href="#use-php-mail-for-sending-mail" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Support for using php-mail was removed in version 4.4 of the mail app!</p>
</div>
<p>You can use the php-mail function to send mails. This is needed for some web hosters (1&amp;1 (1und1)).</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="s1">&#39;app.mail.transport&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;php-mail&#39;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="account-delegation">
<h2>Account delegation<a class="headerlink" href="#account-delegation" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>The Mail app supports account delegation if the delegation is handled by the mail server. That means the mail server has to accept emails sent from an alias address.</p>
<p>In mailcow, for example, the setting is called <em>Also allowed to send as user</em>.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Unless paired with shared <em>Sent</em> mailboxes or handled otherwise by the mail server, sent messages will be stored in the sender’s personal <em>Sent</em> mailbox.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="snooze-and-scheduled-sending">
<h2>Snooze and scheduled sending<a class="headerlink" href="#snooze-and-scheduled-sending" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>If AJAX is selected for cron job execution in the admin settings, the snooze feature and scheduled sending are deactivated because of unreliable execution.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="xoauth2-authentication-with-microsoft-azure-ad">
<h2>XOAUTH2 Authentication with Microsoft Azure AD<a class="headerlink" href="#xoauth2-authentication-with-microsoft-azure-ad" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.0.0.</span></p>
</div>
<p>The Mail app supports XOAUTH2 authentication with hosted Microsoft Outlook accounts. An app has to be registered in the Microsoft Azure web interface and its credentials have to be supplied to the Nextcloud instance. You can find relevant settings in the Groupware section of the admin settings.</p>
<p><strong>Step 1: Open the Azure AD Dashboard</strong></p>
<p>Visit the <a class="reference external" href="https://portal.azure.com">Azure portal</a> and navigate to the Azure AD dashboard.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/1.png" src="../_images/1.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 2: Create a new app registration</strong></p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/2.png" src="../_images/2.png" />
</figure>
<p>Chose a name, allow organizational and personal Microsoft accounts. Configure a web app and copy the redirect URI from the groupware settings of your Nextcloud instance. Have a look at step 8 on where to find the redirect URI. Finally, click on register to proceed.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/3.png" src="../_images/3.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 3: Copy the client ID</strong></p>
<p>This ID will be needed later for the Nextcloud settings.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/4.png" src="../_images/4.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 4: Create a new client secret</strong></p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/5.png" src="../_images/5.png" />
</figure>
<p>Chose a descriptive name for the secret and set the an appropriate expiration date. Click on add to create the secret.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/6.png" src="../_images/6.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 5: Copy the client secret</strong></p>
<p>Copy the client secret manually or by clicking on the copy button. You can find it in the value column. The secret will also be needed later for the Nextcloud settings.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/7.png" src="../_images/7.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 6: Configure Nextcloud</strong></p>
<p>Open the groupware settings in the Nextcloud admin settings and fill in the client ID and client secret. Leave the tenant ID as is (common). You can also find the redirect URI here. Click on save to proceed.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Using a custom tenant ID is not covered by this guide. Only configure it if you are an expert and changed the supported account types in step 2.</p>
</div>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/8.png" src="../_images/8.png" />
</figure>
<p><strong>Step 7: Connect Microsoft Outlook accounts</strong></p>
<p>Congratulations! You are now able to use hosted Microsoft Outlook accounts in the Mail app. Use your Microsoft account email and any password when adding your account. The password will be discarded and you will be prompted with a Microsoft consent popup to log in to your account.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/9.png" src="../_images/9.png" />
</figure>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="../_images/10.png" src="../_images/10.png" />
</figure>
</section>
<section id="mailbox-share">
<h2>Mailbox Share<a class="headerlink" href="#mailbox-share" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Users can share mailboxes with each other. So far, there is no UI for users to change the ACL in the Mail app, but if you want to use it, you need to enable it on the IMAP sever and configure the shares there.</p>
</section>
<section id="user-interface-preference-defaults">
<span id="mail-ui-defaults"></span><h2>User Interface Preference Defaults<a class="headerlink" href="#user-interface-preference-defaults" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 5.2.</span></p>
</div>
<p>The Mail app allows administrators to set default user interface preferences for all users, these preferences can be changed by the user afterwards. This can be useful to ensure a consistent experience across the application.</p>
<figure class="align-default">
<img alt="User Interface Preference Defaults" src="../_images/settings_mail-ui-defaults.png" />
</figure>
</section>
<section id="llm-processing">
<span id="mail-llm-processing"></span><h2>LLM Processing<a class="headerlink" href="#llm-processing" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>The Mail app can optionally use large language models to process emails and offer assistance features like thread summaries, smart replies, event agendas and follow-up reminders.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The supported languages depend on the used large language model.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>A fast text processing integration like <a class="reference external" href="https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/integration_openai">https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/integration_openai</a> is required for best results.</p>
</div>
<p>The feature can be enabled in the Mail administration settings.</p>
<p>Administration settings &gt; Groupware &gt; Mail app &gt; Enable text processing through LLMs</p>
</section>
<section id="thread-summary">
<span id="mail-thread-summary"></span><h2>Thread Summary<a class="headerlink" href="#thread-summary" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.6.0: </span>This configuration option was merged into <a class="reference internal" href="#mail-llm-processing"><span class="std std-ref">LLM Processing</span></a></p>
</div>
<p>The mail app supports summarizing message threads that contain 3 or more messages.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/integration_openai">A text generation AI integration</a> should be already in place to enable this feature.</p>
</div>
<p>The feature is opt-in, it is disabled by default and can be enabled in mail administration settings.</p>
<p>Administration settings &gt; Groupware &gt; Mail app &gt; Enable thread summary</p>
</section>
<section id="follow-up-reminders">
<h2>Follow-up reminders<a class="headerlink" href="#follow-up-reminders" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 4.0.</span></p>
</div>
<p>The Mail app will automatically remind users when their outgoing emails remain unanswered for
multiple days.
Each sent email will be analyzed by an AI to check whether a reply is expected.</p>
<p>The feature can be enabled through the global <a class="reference internal" href="#mail-llm-processing"><span class="std std-ref">LLM Processing</span></a> setting.</p>
</section>
<section id="translation">
<h2>Translation<a class="headerlink" href="#translation" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 4.2.</span></p>
</div>
<p>The mail app can optionally provide translations for messages if the <a class="reference internal" href="../ai/app_assistant.html#machine-translation"><span class="std std-ref">translation API</span></a> is enabled.</p>
</section>
</section>

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