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  <section id="enabling-mysql-4-byte-support">
<h1>Enabling MySQL 4-byte support<a class="headerlink" href="#enabling-mysql-4-byte-support" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Be sure to backup your database before performing this database upgrade.</p>
</div>
<p>In order to use Emojis (textbased smilies) on your Nextcloud server with a MySQL database, the
installation needs to be tweaked a bit.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>This manual only covers MySQL 8 or newer and MariaDB 10.2 or newer.
If you use MariaDB 10.2, please check
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/20/admin_manual/configuration_database/mysql_4byte_support.html#mariadb-10-2-or-earlier">this older version</a>
of the documentation. If you use an older version of MySQL or MariaDB, please note that they are no longer supported
by the current Nextcloud version.</p>
</div>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>Make sure the following InnoDB settings are set on your MySQL server:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">mysqld</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">innodb_file_per_table</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Restart the MySQL server in case you changed the configuration in step 1.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>You can then verify that the change worked:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SHOW</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VARIABLES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LIKE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;innodb_file_per_table&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The result should look like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">mysql</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">SHOW</span> <span class="n">VARIABLES</span> <span class="n">LIKE</span> <span class="s1">&#39;innodb_file_per_table&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="o">+-----------------------+-------+</span>
<span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">Variable_name</span>         <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">Value</span> <span class="o">|</span>
<span class="o">+-----------------------+-------+</span>
<span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">innodb_file_per_table</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">ON</span>    <span class="o">|</span>
<span class="o">+-----------------------+-------+</span>
<span class="mi">1</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.00</span> <span class="n">sec</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ol class="arabic" start="3">
<li><p>Open a shell, change dir (adjust <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/var/www/nextcloud</span></code> to your nextcloud location if needed), and put your nextcloud instance in maintenance mode, if it isn’t already:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ cd /var/www/nextcloud
$ sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --on
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Change your databases character set and collation:</p></li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">ALTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DATABASE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nextcloud</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">CHARACTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">utf8mb4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COLLATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">utf8mb4_general_ci</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ol class="arabic" start="5">
<li><p>Set the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mysql.utf8mb4</span></code> config to true in your config.php:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ sudo -E -u www-data php occ config:system:set mysql.utf8mb4 --type boolean --value=&quot;true&quot;
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Convert all existing tables to the new collation by running the repair step:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:repair
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>This will also change the <cite>ROW_FORMAT</cite> to <cite>DYNAMIC</cite> for your tables.</p>
</div>
<ol class="arabic" start="7">
<li><p>Disable maintenance mode:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ sudo -E -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --off
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
<p>Now you should be able to use Emojis in your file names, calendar events, comments and many more.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Also make sure your backup strategy still work. If you use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mysqldump</span></code> make sure to add the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--default-character-set=utf8mb4</span></code> option. Otherwise your backups are broken and restoring them will result in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">?</span></code> instead of the emojis, making files inaccessible.</p>
</div>
</section>

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